The Name Jesus
The original name of our Saviour was not Jesus or Iesous, but Yahshua. In our Saviour's word, His Father's Name was given to Him. The Father's Name is Yahweh.
Two factors contributed greatly to the substitution and the distortion of our Saviour's Name. The first was the superstitious teaching of the Jews that the Father's Name is not to be uttered and that the Name must be "disguised" outside of the temple of Jerusalem. The second factor was the strong anti-Judaism feeling that prevailed amongst the Gentiles. They wanted a saviour, but not a Jewish one.
According to Worterbuch der Antike, the substitute name can be traced back to the Latin Iesus and the Greek Iesous. Then, it can be traced back to an adaptation of the name of the Greek healing goddess Ieso. The Greek-English Lexicon of Liddell and Scott, confirm this. To Greeks who venerated a healing goddess Ieso, a saviour Iesous must have been most acceptable, suggests a writer in Philologische Wochenschrift. In spite of attempts to justify the "translating" of the Father's Name and His Son's Name, it cannot be done. A person's name remains the same in all languages.
The father of the Greek goddess Ieso was Asclepius, the deity of healing. The father of Asclepius was Apollo, the great sun-deity. Thus, the name Iesous can be traced back to sun-worship. There is also a relationship to the Egyptian goddess Isis and her son Isu. According to Reallexikon der Agpyptischen Religionsgeschichte, the name of Isis appears in hieroglyphic inscriptions as ESU or ES. Isu and Esu sound exactly like "Jesu" that the Saviour is called in the translated Scriptures of many languages.
Esus was a Gallic deity comparable to the Scandanavian Odin. The Greek abbreviation for Iesous is IHS, which is found on many inscriptions made by the Church during the middle Ages. IHS was the mystery name of Bacchus (Tammuz), another sun-deity. These are a few examples only.
Here is a quote from Dictionary of Christian Lore and Legend By J. C. J. Metford:
"It is known that the Greek name endings of sus, seus, and sous (which are phonetic pronunciations for Zeus) were attached by the Greeks to names and geographical areas as a means to give honor to their supreme deity, Zeus. Examples given are: Parnassus, a sacred mountain in Greece: the Greek deity of wine and son of Zeus, Dionysus; the Greek hero of the Trojan war was Odysseus, and the Greek deity of healing was Iesous or the Latin Iesus/Jesus. They also changed the names of the prophets EliYahu (whose name means 'my mighty one is Yah') and Elyesha (whose name means 'my mighty one saves'), to 'Elias' and 'Eliseus' (which means 'my mighty one is Zeus'). This was done so often that it later was the basis for their rules of written grammar which followed the common or vernacular spoken language."
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In the Greek New Testament the savior's name is spelled Ἰησοῦς . When these Greek letters are transferred to English, they are usually represented by the letters, IESOUS. The Greek alphabet, though good in some ways, perhaps, is deficient in translating the Hebrew language. For example, there is no way to indicate the "SH" sound with the Greek letters. For this reason, the Greek Scriptures could not correctly spell the Savior's true name YAHSHUA (or Yahoshua), simply because there were no Greek letters to indicate the "sh" sound; the "s" sound, yes, but not the "sh" sound.
We must keep in mind that the translators of the Septuagint Version (The LXX) were Jewish scholars. This translation was made from the Hebrew Old Testament into the Greek language about 200 or 250 B.C.E. for the benefit of Greek speaking Jews who lived in Alexandria, Egypt. ** It is very significant that in this Greek Old Testament the name of the son of Nun (Joshua), is the very same name as that of the Savior, as written in the Greek New Testament. The names are spelled the same, with identical Greek letters Ἰησοῦς .
Did the Jewish translators from Jerusalem purposely mislead their Egyptian brethren by replacing the name of Israel's greatest ARMY GENERAL with the name of the Greek god, Zeus? If so, why? What reason could they have for doing so? The answer seems certain. The Jewish scholars could have had no reason, no motive, to replace the name Joshua (Yahoshua) with the name Zeus when translating the Hebrew Scriptures into the Greek language.
Therefore, we must conclude that the Jewish scholars made an honest effort to use Greek letters, inadequate though they were, which most closely carried the sound of the name JOSHUA (Iesous). If true, this indicates the name Iesous (Jesus) is NOT derived from the name Zeus.* Note: Whatever the case, Jesus is not the Savior's name, so let us cease to call on this name. Instead, let us accept transliteration directly from the Hebrew Scriptures so that we can call on the Savior by his true name YAHSHUA (Yahoshua).
** Josephus reported The LXX was translated for the universities of Egypt at the request of Ptolemy, the King of Egypt (Antq. 12.2. 1-15). Perhaps both views are correct. Whatever the case, Greek Versions of the Old Testament Scriptures dating to 100 B.C.E. have been found in the geniza (storage room for worn-out manuscripts) within the Jewish synagogue in Alexandria, Egypt. This indicates that the Jews of that Community did indeed read the Scriptures in the Greek language.
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The Names Joshua & Jesus
By Voy Wilks
11/4/92
It has been asked, "Since the Geeks came up with "Iesous" both for Jesus and Joshua, why did the translators translate it as Joshua in the Old Testament and as Jesus in the New? Why weren't they both Joshua or both Jesus?"
The reason for the difference in the identical name (Strong's #3091 in the Hebrew Scriptures, and #2424 in the Greek Scriptures) is a follows:
The King James translators, 54 in number, were assigned seperate portions of the Scriptures on which to work. Naturally, Hebrew scholars were assigned to the Old Testament, while Greek scholars were assigned to the New Testament. When translating the Old Testament directly from the Hebrew into the English language it was relatively easy to bring over the name of the son of Nun as Joshua. Not so when other scholars transliterated this name from the Greek language. It had already been altered. There are no letters in the Greek language to indicate the "sh" sound (as in YahSHua), therefore something was lost when the name Joshua (Yahoshua) was transliterated into the Greek language (Alteration #1). Perhaps "Ieous," as it appears in the Greek New Teatament, was as close as the Greek alphabet would allow. When the Kings men transliterated this name into English as "Iesus," a little more was lost (Alteration #2).
At the time the King James Version appeared (1611), the letter "J" was rarely used in English literature. It was only later that the "I" was dropped from the name "Iesus" and replaced by the letter "J" (Alteration #3). The Hebrew alphabet does not now, nor did it ever, have the letter "J." In fact, all the "J" letter names in our Bib le should really start with the letter "Y."
It is interesting to note that the name Joshua does not appear even once in the King Jmes New Testament. There are two places in which it SHOULD have appeared, but did not. These are Acts 7:45 and Hebrews 4:8. This indicates that the two are really one and the same name. When noticing the content of these two Scriptures, it is obvious that the person being spoken of is Joshua (Yahshua) the son of Nun, not Jesus (Yahshua) the son of Mary. But the Kings translators failed to notice this, it seems.
Check other versions of the New Testament and see that recent translators have made corrections by replacing "Jesus" with "Joshua" in Acts 7:45 & Hebrews 4:8. Take for exaple the James Dunkin Version of 1836, which made these corrections as do most, if not all, other versions. William Tyndale, in his 1534 version of the New Testament (77 years BEFORE the 1611 KJV came off the press, spelled the name slightly different to make a distinction, evidently, between the son of Nun and the son of Mary; Iosue (Acts 7:45; Heb. 4:8), Iesus (Acts 7:55; Heb. 4:14). In the Companion Bible Mr. Bullinger has a notation on Acts 7:45 as well as Hebews 4:8, "Jesus = Joshua."
Please notice that something similar happened to other biblical names. When the Kings scholars translated from the Greek New Testament they came up with different spellings of biblical names (Esaias, Jeremias, etc.) than did those scholars who translated directly from the Hebrew Scriptures (Isaiah, Jeremiah, etc.). Except for the names Joshua and Jesus, most versions of the Bible have made all biblical names uniform, whether in the Old Testament or the New. Not so, the King James Bible. In it many names are different.
Summary
At least three alterations have occured in the Savior's name: (1) From Hebrew to Greek; (2) From Greek to English, (3) From "I" to "J." Even if the New Testament was originally written in the Greek language, these three alterations have occured.
Articles By Voy Wilks
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